新时期道德观念嬗变实证研究

An Empirical Study on the Change in Moral Values in the New Period

新时期人们的道德观念发生较大变化,其首要原因是从计划经济到市场经济的体制性变革。科技工作者对社会道德观念变化的反应整体理性,工人、农民、商业服务人员等基层群众的反应相对迟缓,对伦理道德问题关注程度偏弱。多数人认为,社会主义道德的基本原则依然是集体主义,但人们的利己倾向在增加;国家地位提升对于个体爱国情怀具有正面引导作用,但并不能达到同比覆盖;人们对社会诚信的心理预期较低,中国社会整体和谐友善,但由"熟人社会"向"陌生人社会"转变的速度可能加快;人—物关系在提升,但人际关系在弱化,精神激励在弱化;"爱国、敬业、诚信、友善"得到大多数人赞同,是新时期道德观念嬗变的逻辑结果。中国道德建设的决定因素是党和政府要倡导、履职、率先,同时每个社会成员要从自我做起。

In the new period great changes have taken place in people＇s moral concept. The primary cause is the systematic transformation from planned economy to market economy. Generally speaking,scientific and technical workers＇ reaction to the changes in social mores is rational,and the other grassroots such as workers,farmers,and commercial and service personnel＇s reaction is relatively slow,and their concern for the moral questions is relatively weak. Most people believe that the basic principles of socialist morality is collectivism,but people＇s selfish tendency is increasing; the rise of national status has a positive role in guiding individual patriotism,but does not achieve proportionate coverage; people＇s expectations of social credit is low,and the Chinese society is harmonious and friendly in general,but the transforming from＂acquaintance society ＂to＂strangers society ＂could accelerate; relationship between man and material has improved,but human relationships and spiritual incentive are weakening. Most people agree with the values of ＂Patriotism,dedication,sincerity,friendliness＂,and that is the logical result of the change in moral values in the new period. The key factor of Chinese moral construction is that the Party and the government should advocate,do their duty and lead by example,and at the same time each social member must start from their own.