271例肝移植术后患者生活质量的调查分析

Quality of Life of Liver Transplant Recipients

目的了解肝移植术后患者生活质量现状,以期提高其生活质量制定针对性护理措施。方法采取方便抽样法,选取北京市某三级甲等医院肝移植术后患者271例,使用中文版肝移植受者生活质量调查问卷对其进行调查。结果肝移植术后患者生活质量总分155.00(133.00,175.00)分,处于中等水平,其中健康服务维度得分和身体功能维度得分较高,经济维度得分最低。271例肝移植术后患者不同工作状态在情感维度及身体功能维度得分比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.028、0.036);患者不同程度的经济负担在身体功能、经济维度及生活质量总分比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.007、0.014、0.009)。结论肝移植术后患者生活质量有待提高,经济问题是肝移植术后患者关注的首要问题。医务人员需重视对患者进行保护性隔离,督促患者按时、按量服用免疫抑制药物,并督促患者定期进行随访检查,以减少由术后感染带给患者的经济负担。

Objective To investigate the quality of life of liver transplant（LT） recipients and to provide corresponding nursing measures to improve their quality of life. Methods With convenient sampling, 271 LT recipients in one third-level first-class hospital in Beijing were investigated using Chinese version of post liver transplant questionnaire（PLTQ）. Results The total score of the quality of life of recipients was 155.00（133.00,175.00）, which indicated that their quality of life was in a mediate level. In all six dimensions of PLTQ＇s, Body Function and Healthcare scored the highest and Economic dimension the lowest, indicating that economic burden was the patients＇ top concern. Different working status and perceived economic burdens exerted influence on patients ＇ evaluation on quality of life（P=0.028,0.036）. The score of Body Function and Economic dimension and the total score of the quality of life from patients with different financial burden indicated statistical significance（P=0.007,0.014,0.009）. Conclusion The quality of life of LT recipients needs to be enhanced and economic problem is their top concern. Protective isolation, taking immunosuppressive medication on time and with right dose, regular follow-up and visits would reduce patients ＇ financial burden caused by postoperative infection.