大连蜈蚣藻孢子发育及生活史的研究

A study of the spore development and life cycle of Grateloupia dalianensis H.W. Wang and D. Zhao(Halymeniaceae, Rhodophyta)

在实验室条件下,对大连蜈蚣藻(Grateloupia dalianensis H.W.Wang et D.Zhao)的孢子早期发育、盘状体的形成和直立枝生长进行了详细研究,对其生活史进行了详细观察,并进行了温度和光照强度对孢子发育影响的研究。结果表明:(1)孢子发育类型为间接盘状体型;(2)生活史由雌、雄配子体、四分孢子体和果孢子体三相世代组成,配子体与孢子体形态相同,属于同型世代交替,与属模蜈蚣藻(G.filicina)一致;(3)温度对盘状体和直立枝生长均有影响,最适温度均为16℃;(4)光照强度对盘状体和直立枝生长均有影响,最适光照强度分别为7 500 lx和10 000 lx。

The effects of temperature and light intensity on the growth of discoid crusts and upright thalli of Grateloupia dalianensis were investigated in the laboratory. We also observed in detail the development of spores, discoid crusts, and upright thalli, and the life cycle of each stage of the development process. The results showed：（1） The type of spore development was the ＂mediate discal type.＂（2） The life cycle was the three-phase generations of the homotypic gametophyte, tetrasporophyte, and carposporophyte. The gametophyte and tetrasporophyte were morphologically identical and appeared alternately, consistent with those of Grateloupia filicina.（3） The growth of discoid crusts and upright thalli was affected by temperature, and the optimum temperature was 16℃.（4） The growth of discoid crusts and upright thalli was also affected by light intensity, and the optimum light intensity was in the range of 7500 lx and 10000 lx, respectively.