试论汉语的平比句和比拟句

On Comparative Sentences and Metaphorical Sentences of Chinese

汉语平比句和比拟句同属比较,但从汉语历史发展看,平比句和比拟句的语义和句法形式并非都是泾渭分明,在某些历史时期,有些平比句与比拟句的演变路径确实并不相同.本文在整理现有研究成果的基础上,试图从句法形式、句义、是否处于同一语义范畴三个标准,对汉语的平比句和比拟句做出更为明确的区分;并利用原型范畴理论对一些两可情况进行分类分析.

Although both comparative sentences and metaphorical sentences represent the similarities or differences between two things, the boundary of them is not clear and always changing as Chinese is changing continually. As to our research, the ways of development of some comparative sentences are different from the metaphorical sentences. Therefore, on the basis of previous research, this paper will propose a new and explicit criteria for classifying them in three aspects, that is, syntactic form, meaning of sentence, semantic categorization. While differentiating them, we also categorize and analyze those doubtful cases by the theory of prototype scope of cognitive.