从义素看语文字典辞书中的通假——以“宛”“怨”“汙”为例

Analyze “Tongjia”？？？？in Dictionaries from the Angle of Sememe Extension Act——Take “Wan”（宛）, “Yuan”（怨）, “Wu”（汙） as an example

隐藏在客观词义中的义素,如果经常在文献中充当词义使用,就可以上升为义位,从而应该被字典辞书采纳设立为义项.而现今各种大型语文字典辞书在归纳义项的时候,由于忽略了隐含义素可以上升为义位的功能,导致了错误的通假.本文以“宛”“怨”“汙”为例,从义素的角度分析,认为“宛”“怨”本身具有“聚集”义,不必视为“蕴”之借字;“汙”本身就具有“弯曲”义,不必视为“纡”之借字.

If sememe hidden in objective meanings of words often used as meanings of words in literature, it can transform to a glosseme, and should therefore be adopted in dictionaries as a sense. But all sorts of diction aries today have made some mistakes in “Tong jia” （通假） when concluding senses, because of ignoring of the fuction that imlicit sememes transform to senses. Taking “Wan”（完）, “Yuan”（怨）, “Wu” （汙） as examples, this paper analyze them from the angle of sememe, and hold a view that
“Wan” （完） and“Yuan”（怨） have the meaming of “gathered” itself and do not howe
to be regarded as
borrowed characters of
“Yun”（蕴） and that “Wu” （汙） has the meaning of “crooked” itself and doesnot have to be regarded as a borrowed character of
“Yu”（纡）.