千斤拔属药用植物的研究进展

Research progress on medicinal plants of Flemingia Roxb. ex W. T. Ait.

千斤拔入药始载于清朝吴其濬所编《植物名实图考》,是我国多民族使用、多基原药材。主要从千斤拔属药用植物的应用概况、化学成分、药理作用方面进行综述,为以后能够更加深入地研究千斤拔属药用植物提供依据,并且对其发展的市场潜力能有更直观的认识。迄今为止,千斤拔属植物中共有197个化合物被分离鉴定,结构类型主要包括黄酮类、皂苷及三萜类、蒽醌类和挥发油等。现代药理研究表明千斤拔属植物(主要为黄酮类)具有广泛的药理作用,包括镇痛与抗炎、抗菌、雌激素样、皮肤保护、神经保护、保肝等方面作用。千斤拔资源丰富,但其种质资源复杂,质量控制指标目前仍未统一,对千斤拔属植物进行更深入的多成分综合研究,将对进一步开发千斤拔属植物药用价值有重大意义。

The genus Flemingia Roxb. ex W. T. Ait.（Leguminosae） was originally recorded in ＂Zhiwu Mingshi Tukao＂, written by WU Qi-jun in Qing Dynasty. Its abundant sources were widely used for multi-nationalities in a long history of application. This review mainly focused on the general applied situations, chemical constituents and pharmacological effects, thus provided a basis for further investigation of genus Flemingia Roxb. ex W.T. Ait., and offered a better understanding of its developing market potential. So far, 197 compounds have been separated and identified from genus Flemingia Roxb. ex W.T. Ait., including flavonoids, saponins, anthraquinones, triterpenes, volatile oil, etc. Moreover, modern pharmacological studies have shown that several pharmacological effects have been found from the extracts and individual compounds（mainly flavonoids）, including analgesia and anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antifungal, estrogen, skin protection, neuroprotection, hepatoprotective effect, and so on. The genus Flemingia Roxb. ex W.T. Ait. is rich in resources and promiscuous in germplasm resources, which results in the remarkble differences in regions, time as well as the different parts of the content chemical composition,and there is no standardized control index of quality. With the development of modern separation and identify techniques, the determination of multiple chemical components has been widely accepted for quality control of genus Flemingia Roxb. ex W.T. Ait. On the whole, these achievements will further expand the existing market potential of the plants in the genus and provide a beneficial support to its further clinical use in modern medicine.