喷他佐辛在小儿气管、支气管异物取出术中的麻醉效果观察

An observation of anesthesia effects of pentazocine in removal of foreign bodies in children's trachea and bronchus

目的研究小儿气管、支气管异物取出术中应用喷他佐辛麻醉的临床效果。方法选择2014年9月至2015年9月44例行气管、支气管异物取出术的患儿,根据随机数字表将患儿分为两组。其中22例患儿术中采用芬太尼进行麻醉作为对照组,另22例患儿术中采用喷他佐辛进行麻醉作为观察组。观察两组手术时间、丙泊酚用量以及术后苏醒时间,监测入室时(T0)、置镜前(T1)、置镜后(T2)、退镜时(T3)两组患儿的血氧饱和度(SpO_2)及呼吸频率(RR)。记录两组患儿并发症情况。结果观察组患儿的手术时间、丙泊酚用量、术后苏醒时间与对照组差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。置镜前后对照组的SpO_2、RR波动明显(P<0.01),观察组置镜前后无明显波动(P>0.05)。T2、T3时观察组患儿SpO_2、RR水平显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。麻醉过程中观察组患儿的SpO_2、RR水平较对照组更稳定。两组患者并发症包括咳呛、呕吐、哭闹、舌后坠以及喉水肿等,观察组、对照组发生率分别为9.09%、36.36%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),观察组患儿并发症发生率显著低于对照组。结论喷他佐辛在小儿气管、支气管异物取出术中具有较好的麻醉效果,对血氧饱和度及呼吸频率影响小,并发症少,值得临床推广。

Objective To investigate clinical effects of pentazocine in anesthesia of removal of foreign bodies in children＇ s trachea and bronchus.Methods 44 children received removal of foreign bodies in trachea and bronchus from September, 2014 to September, 2015 were selected and randomly divided into two groups. 22 cases of children given anesthesia with fentanyl were selected as control group, while the rest 22 cases of children given anesthesia by spraying pentazocine were selected as observation group.And then,operation time,dosage of propofol and recovery time after operation between the two groups were observed.Blood oxygen saturation （SpO2） and respiratory rate （RR） at the time while entering the room（ TO ）, before putting mirror（T～ ） ,after putting mirror（T2 ） and at the time while withdrawing the mirror（T3 ） were monitored.In addition,complications of the two groups were recorded.Results Difference of operation time, dosage of propofol and recovery time after operation between the two groups was not statistically significant（P〉0.05） .SpO2 and RR at T2 in the control group showed obvious fluctuation（P〈0.01） ,while those in the observation group showed no obvious fluctuation（P〉0.05）.SpO2 and RR levels at T2 and T3 in the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group（P〈0.01 ）.SpO2 and RR levels at Tz and T3 in the observation group were more stable than those of the control group during anesthesia.Complications of the two groups mainly included cough, vomiting, crying, glossocoma and laryngeal edema, etc.and incidence rate of the observation group and the control group was 9.09% and 36.36% respectively, that of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group, so difference was statistically significant （P〈 0.05）. Conclusion Pentazocine has good anesthetic effect in removal of foreign bodies in children＇ s trachea and bronchus,it has little influence on SpO2 and RR with less complications, and thus is worthy of clinical application.