中国0～12月龄婴幼儿市售辅食与自制辅食添加调查

Complementary feeding with prepackaged and homemade food among 0-12 months-old infants in China:a cross-sectional study

目的了解目前婴幼儿首次添加辅食现状。方法对2011—2012年中国8城市孕妇、乳母、婴幼儿营养调查中市售辅食和自制辅食添加现状数据进行分析,通过χ2检验对首次添加时间进行比较。结果在目前已添加辅食的684名婴幼儿中,添加市售辅食433人次,占34.78%,添加自制辅食812人次,占65.22%,市售辅食与自制辅食添加时间比较差异无统计学意义;首次市售辅食添加最多的为米粉,占70.90%,首次自制辅食添加前5位为鸡蛋黄、米粥、米粉、鸡蛋、米糊,分别占19.33%、14.78%、11.45%、11.08%、7.39%。结论大部分家长能够按照指南推荐合理为婴幼儿添加辅食,少数家长存在添加辅食过早或过晚问题,极少数家长存在辅食添加顺序不合理问题。

Objective To examine the status of first complementary feeding among infants in China. Methods Data on complementary feeding with commercially available food and homemade food in 0 - 12 months-old infants were extracted from the study on Maternal and Infant Nutrition conducted during 2011 -2012 in 8 municipalities in China. The difference in the time of first complementary feeding was analyzed with chi-square test. Results Of the 684 infants having complementary feeding,433 （34. 78% ）were supplied with commercially available food and 812 （65.22%）with homemade complementary food. No significant difference was observed in the time of first complementary feeding between the infants with different type of complementary food. The most frequently reported prepackaged food used in the first complementary feeding was rice flour for infants （70. 90% ） ;while the top five homemade food for the first complementary feeding were egg yolk （19. 33 % ）, rice gruel （14. 78% ）, rice flour （11.45% ）, egg （11.08% ）, and rice paste （7.39%）. Conclusion Most parents in China could reasonably supply supplementary food to their infants and young children in accordance with the guidelines recommended but there were a few parents doing complementary feeding too early or too late and very few parents supplying various complementary food in unreasonable order.