慢性阻塞性肺疾病住院患者特征分析

Clinical features of inpatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

目的分析呼伦贝尔地区慢性阻塞性肺疾病COPD)住院患者的临床特征,为进一步评价COPD住院患者临床用药的合理性提供参考依据。方法采用随机抽样的方法选取呼伦贝尔市某三级医院3所,分别抽取2012年1月1日—2015年12月31日COPD住院患者800例,合计2 400例,提取病历中临床特征的相应信息。结果 COPD住院患者中,男性患者占57.79%,女性患者占42.21%;年龄为(71.4±19.1)岁,71~80岁的患者构成比最高(占37.79%);GOLDⅠ级患者占8.71%,GOLDⅡ级患者占28.42%,GOLDⅢ级患者占36.38%,GOLDⅣ级患者占26.50%;吸烟患者占61.50%,非吸烟患者占38.50%(924/2 400);伴发疾病14种,合计伴发3 279例次,人均伴发疾病1.4种,COPD伴急性加重占55.05%(1 805/3 279),COPD伴肺部感染性疾病占49.71%(1 630/3 279)。结论呼伦贝尔地区COPD住院患者生存质量的提高有赖于对老年COPD患者的健康教育、早期治疗、防治伴发疾病。

Objective To investigate clinical features of inpatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） for improving rational drug use. Methods Three first class hospitals were randomly selected in Hulunbeier. Inpatients with COPD were randomly recruited from January 1,2012 to December 31,2015 from each of the three hospitals,respectively. The data of 2 400 inpatients was analyzed retrospectively. Results Of the inpatients, 57.79% were male and 42. 21% were female;the mean age of the inpatients was 71.4 ± 19.1 years and 37.79% of the inpatients were aged 71 - 80 years. The proportions of the inpatients with the grade of I, II, III, and IV of Global Initative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease （GOLD） were 8. 71% ,28.42% ,36. 38%, and 26. 50% ,respectively. The smokers and nonsmokers accounted for 61.50% and 38. 50% of the inpatients. Totally 14 types and 3 279 incidents of complications occured among the inpatients and of the complication incidents,55.05% （1 805/3 279） were pulmonary infections. Conclusion The results suggest that health education, early treatment, and complication prevention are important for promoting quality of life among COPD inpatients.