超轻海绵铝的力学性能研究

Study on mechanical properties of ultra light aluminum sponge

采用复模铸造和渗流联合法、以可燃型聚氨酯发泡球为填充料制备了海绵铝（孔隙率92%-98%）,研究了海绵铝的力学性能。通过分析可知,海绵铝的压缩曲线可近似划分为线弹性段、平台段、致密段3个阶段;由于孔棱厚度较小,孔结构极易发生破坏,导致海绵铝的屈服强度随着孔隙率增加而迅速下降;海绵铝的吸能曲线近似为直线;平台阶段其吸能效率在60%-80%之间波动。

The aluminum sponge with porosity of 92%-98% was prepared by the combined method of complex model casting and seepage flow techniques,and the flammable polyurethane foam ball was employed as filling material. The mechanical properties of aluminum sponge were investigated. The results show that the compression curve of aluminum sponge is approximately divided into three stages：linear elastic stage,platform stage and densification stage. The pore structure is easy to be damaged due to its thin pore edge,and the yield strength of aluminum sponge decreases rapidly with the increase of porosity. The energy absorption curve of aluminum sponge is approximately linear,and the energy absorption efficiency at the platform stage is between 60%-80%.