1961—2015年广东阳江、阳春地区雷暴的气候特征

Climatological Characteristics of Thunderstorms in the Area of Yangjiang and Yangchun in 1961-2015

利用阳江站和阳春站1961—2015年共55年的雷暴日数统计资料,通过最小二乘法、滑动平均、突变检验等方法,得到了两地区雷暴天气的气候变化特征。结果表明:阳江站年平均雷暴日数为82.4 d、阳春站为90.2 d;年雷暴日数差异大,阳江站最多为125 d、阳春站为127 d,最少阳江站为48 d、阳春站为63 d;雷暴存在明显的季节变化,主要在夏季出现,冬季出现的概率低;55年来雷暴日数有减少的趋势,阳江站的气候倾向率为-0.73 d/年、阳春站为-0.45 d/年,逐年雷暴日数阳江站在1994年、阳春站在1982年前后发生突变。

The statistical data of thunderstorm days for the 55 years of 1961-2015 in the stations of Yangjiang and Yangchun are used to determine the climatological characteristics of the thunderstorm weather using the methods of least squares, running mean and abrupt change test. The result is shown as follows. For the annual mean days of thunderstorm, the Yangjiang station is 82. 4 d and the Yangchun station is 90. 2 d; for the annual number of thunderstorm days, it is 125 d in the former station, and 127 d in the latter, for the maximum, and it is 48 d in the former, and 63 d in the latter, for the minimum. The thunderstorm changes with large seasonality, which appears the most in summer and least in winter. The number of thun- derstorm days tends to decrease over the 55 years, with the climate tendency rate at -0. 73 d/year for the station of Yangjiang and - O. 45 d/year for Yangchun. On the yearly basis, the number of thunderstorm days had abrupt changes in 1994 for Yangjiang and 1982 for Yangchun.