深圳市城市公园植物景观构成与美景度研究

Composition and Scenic Beauty Estimation of Plant Landscape in Urban Parks of Shenzhen

采用随机抽样法,对深圳市11个具有代表性的城市公园的123个植物群落进行调查,运用美景度评价法(SBE)对城市公园的植物群落进行评价,分析影响植物景观的主要构景因素,建立植物景观美景度模型,探讨主要构景要素与植物景观质量的关系。结果表明:深圳城市公园观赏植物种类丰富,主要包括观叶植物35科58属60种、观花植物30科56属66种、观果植物8科11属11种、观枝干植物有4科6属6种。城市公园植物景观美景度主要受植物群落郁闭度、生活型构成、生长状况、季相变化、与其他景观要素搭配、可达性、基础设施情况和空间可用性8个因素影响。

A investigation was conducted on 123 plant communities from 11 representative urban parks in Shenzhen City by using random sampling method. These plant communities were evaluated adopting the scenic beauty estimation（SBE） to analyze the major compositions that affect plant landscape,with which the plant scenic beauty estimation model was built to discuss the relationship between main factors to compositions and plant landscape quality. The main results showed： There was a wide variety of ornamental plants in the urban parks of Shenzhen,including primarily 60 foliage species belonging to 58 genera and 35 families,66 species of flowering plants belonging to 56 genera and 30 families,11 species of plants with ornamental fruits belonging to 11 genera and 8 families,and 6 plant species with ornamental stems belonging to 6 genera and 4 families. The scenic beauty degree of plant landscape was affected by 8 factors,including canopy closure of plant community,composition of life form,plant growth,seasonal change,combination of other landscape elements,accessibility,infrastructure and space availability.