某医院277例药品不良反应报告分析

Adverse drug reaction in a hospital of Shaanxi province:An analysis of 277 cases

目的：了解药品不良反应（ADR）发生的特点与规律，为临床合理用药提供参考。方法回顾性统计并分析有效 ADR 277例。结果277例 ADR 报告中，男性发生率（55．60％）略高于女性（44．40％）；ADR 可发生于各年龄段患者，但以51～60岁的患者所占的比例最大（占20．58％）；静脉滴注给药引发的 ADR 最常见（占84．12％）；引发 ADR 最多的药物为抗感染药物（占25．27％），其中左氧氟沙星、头孢哌酮钠舒巴坦钠位列前二位，其次为中药制剂（占24．91％）；ADR 损害类型主要以皮肤及其附件损害为主（占38．36％）。结论掌握 ADR 发生的特点与规律，有助于减少或避免 ADR 重复发生。

Objective To explore the characteristics and the regularity of adverse drug reaction（ADR）in a hospital in order to provide reference for rational drug use in clinic.Methods Totally 277 cases of ADR reported in Xianyang Central Hospital during January 2013 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.Results In 277 ADR reports,the incidence in males（55.60%）was a little higher than that in females（44.40%）.ADR might occur in patients of all ages,and the incidence of ADR in the age group of 51 to 60 years old occupied the highest percentage（20.58%）.ADR cases were mostly induced by intravenous dripping（84.12%）.And the drug causing the most cases of ADR were anti-infective drugs（25.27%）,with Levofloxacin and Cefoperazone Sodium and Sulbactam Sodium ranking the top two,followed by TCMpreparations（24.91%）.Lesions of skin and its appendants were the most common clini-cal manifestations of ADR（38.36%）.Conclusions To master the characteristics and the regularity of ADR contributes to the reduc-tion of ADRs or the avoidance of the recurrence of ADRs.