2005～2015年济南市消化道传染病流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis on the intestinal infectious diseases,Jinan city,2005-2015

目的 了解济南市消化道传染病的发病情况,为预防控制消化道传染病防治提供依据。方法 收集2005～2015年济南市消化道传染病监测资料进行统计分析。结果 2005～2015年济南市共报告消化道传染病病例17 099例,死亡22例,年均发病率为26.34/10万,死亡率为0.029/10万。发病率呈显著下降趋势,不同年份发病率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。男性发病率（16.16/10万）高于女性（10.78/10万）。全市10个区县发病率存在显著差异（P〈0.01）,发病率最高的是市中区（31.85/10万）,发病率最低的是济阳县（8.92/10万）（P〈0.01）。发病种类以细菌性痢疾、肝炎（未分型）、戊肝居多,菌痢发病数居首位。7、8月份为消化道传染病高发期。发病人群中0～5岁发病率较高,尤其是1岁以下婴幼儿;不同职业人群中,散居儿童、农民、学生发病率较高。结论 消化道传染病以夏秋季发病为主,婴幼儿和散居儿童为消化道传染病发病的重点人群,不同地区发病有差异。

Objective To understand the incidence of intestinal infectious diseases in Jinan city,so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was applied to analyze the data of intestinal infectious diseases during 2005-2015. Results A total of 17 099 cases were reported during 2005-2015,22 cases died, the total incidence rate was 26.94/10^5 , the mortality rate was 0. 029/10^5. The annual incidence was on a significantly declining trend,the difference had statistical significance （ P 〈0.01）. The male incidence was 16.16/10^5 ,higher than that of the female10.78/10^5. The difference of incidence in ten districts was statistically significant （ P 〈0.01） ,Shizhong district was the highest（31.85/10^5 ） ,and Jiyang was the lowest（8.92/10^5 ） （ P〈0.01）. The top three types were bacillary dysentery,hepatitis （no typing） and hepatitis E. June and July were the peaks. The incidence of 0-5 years old was higher than other groups especially infants under 1 years old. In professions,scattered children,farmers,and students were the top three susceptible population. Conclusion Summer and autumn are the peak seasons, infants and scattered children are the focus groups, the incidence has variations in areas.