深圳湾浮游细菌生物量的时空动态及影响因素

Temporal and spatial dynamics of bacterioplankton biomass and the influenced factors in Shenzhen Bay

自2015年5月至2016年3月在深圳湾布设了3个站位,对该海域进行了每季至少1次共7个航次的浮游细菌生物量调查。结果表明:(1)深圳湾浮游细菌生物量季节均值的变化范围为(4.90~86.90)×10^(-2)μg·mL^(-1),总均值为3.14×10^(-1)μg·mL^(-1);(2)深圳湾浮游细菌生物量的季节变化模式为:冬季(5.98×10^(-1)μg·mL^(-1))>秋季(3.02×10^(-1)μg·mL^(-1))>夏季(2.79×10^(-1)μg·mL^(-1))>春季(7.52×10^(-2)μg·mL^(-1));(3)从空间分布来看,浮游细菌生物量湾中含量最高,湾口其次,湾顶最低;(4)深圳湾浮游细菌生物量与亚硝氮含量呈极显著的正相关(P<0.01),与氨氮含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05);(5)深圳湾水体中浮游细菌丰度季节均值变化范围为(2.45~43.50)×10~6个·mL^(-1),年均值达1.57×10~7个·mL^(-1);(6)从整体的细菌丰度及生物量来看,深圳湾海域呈现富营养化状态,湾中最严重,湾口次之,湾顶最轻。

In order to study the extent of eutrophication in Shenzhen Bay,spatial and temporal distributions of bacterioplankton biomass were seasonally investigated at three sampling stations in Shenzhen Bay in May,June,September,October and December in 2015 and March in 2016.The seasonal bacterioplankton biomass ranged from 4.90×10^（-2）μg· mL^（-1） to 86.90×10^（-2）μg· mL^（-1）,with an annual average of 3.14×10^（-1）μg·mL^（-1）.The bacterioplankton biomass was the greatest in winter（5.98×10^（-1）μg·mL^（-1））,followed by autumn（3.02×10^（-1）μg·mL^（-1））,summer（2.79×10^（-1）μg·mL^（-1））,and spring（7.52×10^（-2）μg·mL^（-1））in turn,revealing different seasonal patterns in this bay.The bacterioplankton biomass decreased horizontally from the center of the bay to the mouth of the bay and the top of the bay,with a higher biomass at station near the area for cultivation.The bacterioplankton biomass was significantly po sitively relatived to NO-2-N and NH＋4-N in Shenzhen Bay.The seasonal abundance of bacterioplankton ranged from 2.45×10~6 ind·mL^（-1）to 43.50×10~6 ind·mL^（-1）,with an annual average of 1.57×10~7 ind·mL^（-1）,implying serious eutrophication in this bay and revealing a decreasing pattern from the center to the mouth and the top of the bay.