摘要
Background：Research has been conducted linking sports participation and health in childhood and adolescence;however,little is known about the contribution of sport to women＇s health.The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between sport and women＇s health in the USA by analyzing data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System（BRFSS）.Methods：This study was a secondary data analysis of the 2013 national BRFSS survey.Unlike the BRFSS core component from previous years,in2013,participants were questioned extensively about their physical activity behaviors.Seventy-six different activities were identifie by the participants.Two researchers categorized the 76 activities as sport,conditioning exercise,recreation,or household tasks based on previously identifie categories.Logistic regression was utilized to calculate odds ratios and adjusted odds ratios for chronic diseases based on physical activity category.Results：Women who participated in sport had better health outcomes with significant y lower odds for all chronic diseases except asthma and better general health than women who participated in conditioning exercise,household tasks,or recreation,and many of the significan differences remained after controlling for demographic characteristics.Conclusion：Sport participation was associated with more positive health outcomes among women in the USA compared with the other categories.As a means to improve health of women,the USA could focus on efforts to increase sport participation among women.
背景:目前已有儿童及青少年健康与运动参与相互关联研究,但关于运动对女性健康贡献的研究仍较少。本研究旨在通过分析行为风险因素监测系统(BRFSS)的数据以确定女性运动与健康之间的关系。方法:对2013年美国行为风险因素监测系统分析调查进行二手数据分析。不同于前几年BRFSS核心成分在2013年对参与者就其体力活动行为进行广泛提问。参与者确认了76种不同的活动,2名研究人员根据先前确定的类别将这76种活动分为体育运动、健身训练、娱乐、家务劳动。根据体力活动类别,用逻辑回归方法计算慢性病的优势比和调整后的优势比。结果:参与体育运动的女性健康状况更好,慢性病(除哮喘)发病率较低,总体健康水平也优于参加健身训练、家务劳动或娱乐的女性。这些显著差异在控制人口学特征后依然存在。结论:对美国女性而言,与其他体力活动相比,参与运动与积极的健康状况更加相关。美国可以此作为改善女性健康的方式,努力提高女性的运动参与程度。
