“民国视野”与台湾文学——以战后初期“民国文学”与“台湾文学”的交锋为例

The＂ Republican Vision＂ and Taiwan Literature ： An Example of the Conflicts between Republican Chinese Literature and Taiwan Literature in the Early Postwar Period

战后初期,从1945年到1949年,短短四年时间,是台湾文学史发展过程中,少见洋溢“左翼思潮”的时光,同时也是“台湾文学”与“民国文学”初相会的时期。本文带入民国历史文化语境,指出在民国机制下“登台”的左翼文学,是战后首波“横的移植”,为台湾注入富于五四与鲁迅经验的“三民主义现实主义”以及“新现实主义”思潮;同时也将国统区和解放区的争议转嫁来台,因此台湾《新生报》“桥”副刊上的“新现实主义文学论争”,实质上正是民国机制的问题另辟台湾战地的讨论。同时,“台湾文学”自身也有对日治时期文学发展的“纵的继承”,因而与民国文学呈现出的左翼/异关怀,已有“阶级与省籍”“理论与实务”的分化。战后初期台湾文学与民国文学交锋的结果,实是二者各行其道,无论是合纵抑或连横,皆不可得。不过,“民国视野”至少为既有的台湾文学研究带来了三项新的可能：一是重新看待“桥副刊论争”的方法;二是关于省籍的问题,并非“本省/外省”的“人”的问题,而是更大的“台湾/民国”的“机制”碰撞结果;三是关于“中国”,因此有“民国/共和国”的区隔,以及深化讨论的可能。

The early postwar period in Taiwan, from 1945 to 1949, was a period filled with left-wing thoughts, and also the period that Taiwan literature encountered with Re- publican Chinese literature. This paper argues that the trend of left-wing thoughts in literature during the early postwar period resulted from both＂ horizontal transplantation＂ from Republican Chinese literature and＂ vertical inheritance＂ from Taiwan literature itself, es- pecially that of the Japanese colonial period, and that authors of Republican China and of Taiwan had different concerns. There was no consensus between Republican Chinese literature and Taiwan literature. However, I believe adopting the concept of＂ Republican China＂as an approach can bring new possibilities for research in Taiwan studies. First,it escalates the provincial issues from problems between mainlanders and islanders to structural issues between the ＂ROC＂ and Taiwan. Second, some debates have appeared in Taiwan Residents literary history could be rethought, such as the debate in Shin Sheng Daily supplement＂ the Bridge＂ in 1947. The original problem could be traced back to the left-wing ideological conflicts between KMT dominant districts and liberated areas during the early 1940s. Third,the designation makes＂ China＂ more clear by showing the difference between the ＂ROC＂ and the PRC.