正确认识白内障手术脱盲率和脱残率

The correct calculations of the rate of visual acuity relieved from blindness and from visual disability in cataract surgery

目的探讨脱盲率和脱残率计算方法。方法回顾性研究。以2012年1月至2012年6月我院白内障手术282例（282眼）为例，讨论如何计算脱盲率和脱残率。我国眼科专业期刊中常用的白内障手术脱盲率和脱残率计算方法共3种，方法一：脱盲率=（术眼总数-术后盲眼数）／术眼总数；脱残率=（术眼总数-术后视力残疾眼数）／术眼总数。方法二：脱盲率=（术前盲眼数-术后盲眼数）／术前盲眼数；脱残率=（术前视力残疾眼数-术后视力残疾眼数）／术前视力残疾眼数。方法三：脱盲率=（术前盲人数-术后盲人数）／术前盲人数；脱残率=（术前视力残疾人数-术后视力残疾人数）／术前视力残疾人数。采用，检验比较计算结果之间的差异。结果方法-与方法二比较：脱盲率差异无统计学意义（X^2=3．405，P=0．065）；脱残率差异无统计学意义（X^2=0．087，P=0．768）。方法二与方法三比较：脱盲率差异有统计学意义（X^2=5．324，P=0．021）；脱残率差异无统计学意义（X^2=3．212，P=0．073）。不同方法计算所得脱盲率（或脱残率）之间的差异受术前视力盲（或残疾）所占的比例影响。结论“方法二”为单眼脱盲率（或脱残率），“方法三”为双眼脱盲率（或脱残率），不推荐使用“方法一”。

Objective To investigate the calculations of the rate of visual acuity relieved from blindness and from visual disability. Methods A retrospective study was taken as an example. The data of 282 eyes of 282 cases who underwent cataract surgery from Jan. 2012 to Jul. 2012 was analyzed. In ophthalmological journal of our country, there were 3 methods to calculate the rate of visual acuity relieved from blindness and from visual disability. Method 1, the rate of visual acuity relieved from blindness = （ total eyes - blind eyes of postoperation） / total eyes ; the rate of visual acuity relieved from visual disability = （ total eyes - visual disability eyes of postoperation）/total eyes . Method 2, the rate of visual acuity relieved from blindness = （ blind eyes of preoperation -blind eyes of postoperation）/blind eyes of preoperation; the rate of visual acuity relieved from visual disability = （ visual disability eyes of preoperation - visual disability eyes of postoperation）/visual disability eyes of preoperation . Method 3, the rate of visual acuity relieved from blindness = （ blind patients of preoperation -blind patients of postoperation）/ blind patients of preoperation; the rate of visual acuity relieved from visual disability = （ visual disability patients of preoperation -visual disability patients of postoperation）/ visual disability patients of preoperation. Results The differences either in the rate of visual acuity relieved from blindness （X2 = 3. 405, P = 0. 065 ） or in the rate of visual acuity relieved from visual disability （X2 = 0. 087, P = 0. 768 ） between ＂Method 1＂ and ＂Method 2＂ were not statistically significant. The differences in the rate of visual acuity relieved from blindness between ＂Method 2＂ and ＂Method 3＂ were statistically significant （X= = 5. 324, P = 0. 021 ）; There were no significant difference in the rate of visual acuity relieved from visual disability between ＂Method 2＂ or ＂Method 3＂ （X2 = 3. 212, P = O. 073 ） . The difference in the rate of visual acuity relieved from blindness or visual disability was related to the proportion of blindness or visual disability preoperation. Conclusion ＂ Method 2＂ is fit for monocular, ＂ Method 3 ＂ is fit for binoculus, ＂ Method 1 ＂ is not recommended.