豫东棉田不同间作模式的产量与经济效益比较

Research on Yield and Economic Benefit of Different Intercropping Patterns in Cotton Field of Yudong Plain

在豫东棉区采用甘薯、芝麻、花生、糯玉米与棉花间作和棉花单作,分析不同间作模式的产量和经济效益。结果表明,棉花/糯玉米和棉花/芝麻间作对棉花生长的影响较早(6月9日、7月9日),至盛花期(8月8日)棉花株高分别比棉花单作增加17.03 cm和13.94 cm(P<0.01),伏桃较棉花单作分别减少6.60个/株和8.83个/株(P<0.01);与棉花单作相比,棉花/花生间作的年总产值增加14 909.5元/hm^2,纯收入增加11 224.4元/hm^2,光能利用率提高25.01%,棉花/芝麻间作的年总产值增加14 352.8元/hm^2,纯收入增加11 936.6元/hm^2,光能利用率提高7.02%,具有明显的间作优势。

A field experiment was conducted in Yudong Plain to investigate the effects of intercropping patterns on cottonyield and economic benefit. Cropping patterns included cotton / sweet potato, cotton / sesame, cotton / peanut, cotton / waxy cornintercropping and cotton monoculture. The results showed that effect of cotton / waxy corn and cotton / sesame intercropping on the growth of cotton was earlier（June 9, July 9）, during full-blooming stage（August 8）, cotton plant height under intercropping systems of cotton / waxy corn and cotton / sesame was higher than cotton monoculture by 17.03 cm and 13.94 cm（P〈0.01）, the summer boll number per plant was lower by 6.60 bolls and 8.83 bolls（P〈0.01）. Compared with monoculture cotton, the cotton / peanut intercropping could increase annual total output value by 14 909.5 yuan / hm2, net income increased by 11 224.4yuan / hm2,and light use efficiency by 25.01%,the cotton / sesame intercropping could increase annual total output value by 14352.8 yuan / hm2,net income increased by 11 936.6 yuan / hm2, and light use efficiency by 7.02%, respectively,indicating a significant yield advantage.