中药有效成分对神经保护作用机制研究进展

Research Progress in Studies on Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine Active Ingredients with Neuroprotective Effect

整理和总结中药有效成分神经保护作用机制的相关文献。以中药、中药有效成分、神经系统疾病及神经保护等为主题词检索近年来国内外有关中药有效成分对神经系统保护作用机制的研究文献,并进行总结分析。结果发现中药有效成分可以通过对抗神经毒性(对抗β淀粉样蛋白和兴奋性氨基酸的神经损伤、提高乙酰胆碱保护作用),抑制神经损伤部位炎症水平(减少白细胞介素-6,肿瘤坏死因子-α,γ-干扰素及一氧化氮的水平)和氧化应激损伤(升高超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、降低丙二醛),抑制细胞异常增生及凋亡(上调抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2表达,下调凋亡前蛋白Bax的表达),促进血管生成(上调血管生成素1及内皮特异性酪氨酸激酶受体Tie-2的表达)和神经生长修复(促进分泌血管内皮生长因子及趋化因子细胞基质衍生因子-1)及抑制细胞内钙离子超载等机制对神经系统进行保护。本研究通过总结和分析近年研究的新成果,探索新的研究思路和用药选择,以期为神经系统疾病的神经保护作用的基础研究、新药开发及临床治疗提供借鉴。

To sort out and summarize the relevant literature on the protection mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） active ingredients with the neuroprotective effects. TCM active ingredients,nervous system disease,neuroprotective effects were used as the keywords to search for the relevant literature on internal and abroad studies of neuroprotective mechanism in recent years,and then the analysis was conducted. The results showed that TCM active ingredients could suppress the neurotoxicity（against the nerve damage of Amyloidβ-peptide and excitatory amino acids,improve the acetylcholine protection）,the levels of inflammation（reduce the level of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha and gamma interferon） and oxidative stress damage（increase the activity of Superoxide dismutase,catalase and glutathione peroxidase,lower the level of malondialdehyde）,inhibit the cellular proliferation and apoptosis（increase the apoptosis protein expression of Bcl-2,decrease the apoptosis protein expression of Bax）,promote angiogenesis（raise angiotensin 1 and the expression of specific tyrosine kinase receptor Tie-2） and nerve growth repair（promote the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor and chemokines cell matrix derived factor-1） that the mechanisms had neuroprotective effects. This research through the summary and analysis that explore new research ideas and the selection of drugs for nervous system disease of the nerve protective effect to offer new drug development and clinical treatment.