老年男性骨质疏松症的影响因素研究

Factors influencing osteoporosis of elderly men

目的调查锦州地区老年男性骨质疏松症(OP)患病的影响因素,为OP的防治提供依据及策略。方法采用病例对照的研究方法。病例组为锦州医科大学附属第一医院体检中心行骨密度检测诊断为骨质疏松,且年龄≥60岁的168例男性;对照组为与病例组年龄相同,且同期行该检测诊断为骨量减少及骨量正常的176例男性。对研究对象进行自行设计问卷调查,采用t检验、χ2检验及秩和检验进行单因素分析,采用非条件Logistic回归进行多因素分析,筛选老年男性OP患病的影响因素。结果单因素分析结果显示,病例组与对照组在年龄、文化程度、体重指数、吸烟、饮酒、饮茶、参加体育锻炼、摄入谷氨酸钠、摄入乳制品、补充钙剂、补充维生素D、豆制品摄入频率及海产品摄入频率方面比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,年龄、吸烟及摄入谷氨酸钠是老年男性OP发生的危险因素。补充钙剂、补充维生素D及海产品摄入频率是老年男性OP发生的保护因素。结论年龄增长、吸烟及摄入谷氨酸钠是影响锦州地区老年男性OP发生的重要危险因素,而适当补充钙剂、维生素D及摄入海产品有助于预防老年男性OP的发生。

Objective To investigate the influencing factors of osteoporosis in elderly men in Jinzhou region, so as to provide basis and strategy for osteoporosis prevention and treatment. Methods A case-control study was conducted. Cases （n = 168） were men aged 60 years or older who were diagnosed as osteoporosis and applied for bone mineral density detection in the First Hospital Affiliated of Jinzhou Medical University, and controls （n = 176） were men of or above 60 years diagnosed as bone mass loss or with normal bone mass in the same hospital and period. Self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate all objects. For singlefactor analysis t test and X2 test or Wilcoxon rank sum test was adopted, while unconditional multiple logistic regression model was used for multiple-factor analysis. Results Single-factor analysis showed that the two groups had statistically significant differences in age, educational attainments, body mass index, smoking, drinking, drinking tea, physical exercise, intake of sodium glutamate, intake of diary products, calcium supplementation, Vitamin D supplementation, intake frequencies of soy products and seafood （P 〈 0.05）. After adjustment for some potential confounding factors, unconditional multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that age, smoking and intake of sodium glutamate were the risk factors of osteoporosis. However, calcium supplementation, Vitamin D supplementation and seafood intake were the protective factors. Conclusions Age increase, smoking and intake of sodium glutamate are the important risk factors of osteoporosis in Jinzhou region. However, proper supplement of calcium and Vitamin D, and more intake of seafood are the protective factors.