英国大学开放获取政策研究

Research on Open Access Policies of UK Universities

英国是世界上大学推出开放获取政策最早的国家,也是大学开放获取政策比较普及的国家,排名前20的大学都已经推出自己的政策。英国大学开放获取政策的推出带有明显的国家政策要求的"被迫"色彩,政策的产生多由行政管理层的决策而非教工投票,对于机构库内容的缴存也主要是强制缴存。本文以ROARMAP登记的英国89所高校91份大学开放获取政策信息和政策文本研读获得的补充信息为基础,较为全面地揭示该国2003—2016年间大学开放获取政策迅速发展的现状,并通过其中可获得的79份政策原文的研读,从政策总体内容、目的与适用范围、实施组织保障及责任归属等方面分析该国大学政策的亮点、特点和问题,为国内大学制定政策提供参考,也借以讨论这些对推动国内开放获取运动的启示。

UK is the first country whose university firstly launched OA policy in the world and it is also the exact country which OA policies are very popular in its university for all universities ranked top 20 have those own OA policies. OA polices in UK universities have a clear ＂forced＂ character： university is forced to launch its own OA policy by funding policies deman- ding; the source of policy is mainly from administrative/management decision not liking that it is mainly from faculty voting in America and the material must be deposited in institutional repository according almost all university OA policies. Based on registration information from ROARMAP website and complementary information from policy text of 91 samples of university OA policy in 89 UK universities, this paper comprehensively reveal the development status quo of UK university OA policy be- tween 2003 and 2016. Through reading 79 samples of those policies, this paper also analyses the policy content highlights, characteristics and problems from three aspects： the overall policy content, purpose and scope of application, organizational guarantee and clear duties of policy implementation, which wi those policies making, in the end, the paper discusses the en provide very important reference for domestic universities in ghtenment for domestic OA movement.