莫桑比克可膨胀石墨的制备与研究

Preparation and Research of Expansible Graphite in Mozambique

以莫桑比克天然鳞片石墨为原料,采用K_2Cr_2O_7/HClO_4/H_3PO_4为氧化插层剂,制备可膨胀石墨。在K_2Cr_2O_7用量、HClO_4用量、H_3PO_4用量、反应温度和时间的单因素条件基础上,确定反应工艺:m(石墨)/m(K_2Cr_2O_7)/V(HClO_4)/V(H_3PO_4)=1∶0.1∶3.67∶1.33(g∶g∶mL∶mL),反应温度30℃,时间40min。最终制得可膨胀石墨在600℃温度下,膨胀体积可达340mL/g。XRD物相分析和红外光谱分析证明ClO_4^-、H_2PO_4^-、HPO_4^(2-)和PO_4^(3-)的插入使得膨胀过程顺利进行。

The expansible graphite was prepared by using nature flake graphite in Mozambique, applying K2Cr207/HClO4/H3PO4 as oxidant and intercalator. Based on the condition of single factor tests including K2Cr207 dosage test, HC104 dosage, H3PO4 dosage, reaction temperature test and time, the optimum process was confirmed as follows,m（C） /m（K2Cr2O7）/V（HClO4）/V（H3PO4）=1∶0.1∶3.67∶1.33, reacting at 30℃ with 40 min. The maximum volume of expansible graphite could reach 340 mL/g with the temperature of 600℃. By means of XRD phase analysis and infrared spectroscopic analysis, it was verified that the intercalation of C104- and H2PO4-, HPO42 as well as PO43- made expansion process successful.