知识型服务合作生产契约支付模型研究

Co-production Contract Models of Knowledge-intensive Service

知识型服务是客户与提供商合作生产系统,不同合作关系适用不同服务契约支付类型。在总结了不同服务合作生产关系的参数特征及业界常用服务契约类型的基础之上,建立了委托-代理模型,研究了不同服务合作生产环境下最优的契约支付形式。结果表明：在客户主导的咨询式服务合作生产关系中,最优契约支付是基于提供商努力成本补偿的TM低激励强度契约,该契约对提供商激励低风险也小。在提供商主导的销售式服务合作生产关系中,最优契约支付是基于提供商努力产出的FF-O高激励强度契约,该契约的合作剩余完全属于提供商,同时也要求其承担大的风险。在双方协商的联盟式服务合作生产关系中,最优契约支付为合作成员分享剩余、共担风险的PB契约,契约支付与参与方的相对重要性呈非线性相关。

Knowledge-intensive service business is a co-production process system across client and provider organizations, and different systems apply to different transfer contracts. Based on the inducing analysis on the parameter characteristics of various co-production relationships and the common practice service contract types, we construct three principal-agent models to study the optimal service contracts in different relationships. The conclusion is as follows： the best transfer form is time-and-materials contract in consulting services business dominated by the client, and the contract is low-incentive and low-risk to the provider; in sales service business dominated by the provider, the optimal selection is Fixed-fee contingent on output contract, which is based on provider＇s output, and the cooperation residue of this type of contract is wholly dependent on the provider, who may also shoulder bigger risks; and in the alliance service business relationship, the best transfer construction is performance-based contract, wherein participants share residue and risks, and the parameters of their relative importance are nonlinearly correlated.