人工耳蜗植入儿童的心理健康及其影响因素研究

The Mental Health and Affecting Factors on Cochlear Implanted Children

目的探讨人工耳蜗植入儿童的心理健康状况及影响因素,为其全面康复提供参考依据。方法使用《3~6岁幼儿心理健康测量问卷》对166例3~4岁人工耳蜗植入儿童进行评估,将各项得分与正常儿童合格标准值进行比较,分析影响人工耳蜗植入儿童心理行为发育的相关因素。结果 166例3~4岁人工耳蜗植入儿童在动作发展、认知能力、情感与意志、社会性、生活习惯、语言各领域的得分分别为6.04±1.79、6.88±3.37、4.42±2.17、4.72±2.20、5.87±1.66、5.79±3.30分,随着月龄增加,人工耳蜗植入儿童在动作、认知能力、情感与意志、社会性、生活习惯和语言能力等方面的合格率均显示出下降趋势;随着人工耳蜗使用时间的增加,人工耳蜗植入儿童在以上各方面的得分均显示出递增的趋势;影响人工耳蜗植入儿童心理行为发育的相关因素主要与人工耳蜗使用时间和术前居住地有关。结论人工耳蜗植入儿童的心理行为发育与听力正常儿童有区别,在关注其听力语言康复的同时,也要关注其心理行为发育。

Objective To investigate the mental health and the affecting factors on children cochlear implants and to provide the reference of comprehensive rehabilitation for them.Methods We used the Psychological Questionnaire for 3～6Years Children to evaluate the mental health status of 166 children of 3～4years old with cochlear implants,and compare those with the standard values of children with normal hearing.We studied the affecting factors on their psychological development.Results The pass rates in action,emotion and will,cognitive ability,sociality,living habits and speech ability of children with cochlear implants decreased as their age increased.The scores of action,emotion and will,cognitive ability,sociality,living habits and speech ability of children with cochlear implants increased as the use time increased.The affecting factors on the psychological development of children with cochlear implants were the time length of usage and their residences before operation.Conclusion There were differences between the children with cochlear implants and normal hearing in psychological development.We should focus on their development of hearing and speech ability,and the psychological development.