人工耳蜗植入儿童汉语声母发音错误规律探究

A Study of Wrong Initial Pronunciation of Children with Cochlear Implants

目的探讨人工耳蜗植入儿童常见汉语声母错误发音规律。方法选用听力障碍儿童听觉、语言能力评估标准及方法中有关语音清晰度测试的卡片对30例3~5岁语前聋人工耳蜗植入儿童进行测试,记录分析其声母发音错误率、错误类型,从发音部位及方法进一步分析错误率的发生规律。结果 30例人工耳蜗植入儿童的言语清晰度约为73.93%±12.76%;发音错误率较高的声母分别为/s/、z/、/sh/、/g/、/ch/、/j/、/k/、/l/、/c/、/zh/、/f/、/p/;错误类型多为替代;按发音部位分类,舌尖前音、舌根音错误率较高,而双唇音、舌尖中音错误率最低;按发音方法分类,鼻音、边音和不送气塞音错误率最低,其余错误率均较高。结论人工耳蜗植入儿童常见汉语声母发音错误为对舌尖前音和舌根音等较难掌握的音,在语言康复训练中应有针对性地训练。

Objective To study the effects of pronunciation after cochlear implantation in children,and find out the common rules of initials consonant pronunciation errors.Methods We used the cards as the pronunciation articulation test from hearing impairment children＇s hearing,language competency assessment standards and methods to evaluate auditory-verbal ability after cochlear implantation,then recorded and analyzed the errors of the initials consonant.Results After training for 10 months,we evaluated speech articulation of prelingually deaf children of 3to 5years old with cochlear implants 73.93% ±12.76%.The most incorrect pronunciations were/s/,/z/,/sh/,/g/,/ch/,/j/,/k/,/l/,/c/,/zh/,/f/and/p/,which had resulted in substitution.According to the classification of pronunciation articulation,it focused on supradialectical and velar while the least in bilabial and blade-alveolar.According to the classification of pronunciation method,nasal,lateral and unaspirated stop had low error rates.Conclusion Only do when we comprehend rules of cochlear implants in children pronunciation as well as study,can we solve problems and do well in language training.The most incorrect pronunciations in children with CI are supradialectical and velar,the language training should be performed aecordingly.