哲学“立脚点”的位移与马克思的哲学变革

The Displacement of the “Standpoint”of Philosophy and Marx's Philosophical Revolution

哲学"立脚点"意味着哲学的"起点"和"归宿",对于理解一种哲学形态的性质和境界等具有特殊意义。哲学自我理解的深化过程,一个重大标志即是哲学"立脚点"的不断位移和探寻过程。哲学的有深度的理论变革,往往也体现于哲学"立脚点"的转换。马克思哲学的变革,正体现在它以"人类社会"或"社会的人类"作为自身的哲学"立脚点",比"意识"、"语言"等更为深刻地确立了哲学的存在根基,并有力地克服了以往哲学所面临的重大理论矛盾和困境,在一个更具包容性的视野中,为理解思维与存在、主观与客观、人与世界关系等哲学最为根本性的问题提供了一个更为坚实的基础。

The ＂standpoint＂ of philosophy means the ＂starting point＂ and ＂destination＂ of philosophy, which plays a special role in understanding the quality and realm of a philosophical mo- dality. In the deepening process of philosophy＇ s self-understanding, the significant symbol is the process of the constant displacement and exploration of the philosophy＇ s ＂standpoint＂. The pro- foundly theoretical change of philosophy is also usually represented through the transformation of the philosophy＇ s ＂standpoint＂. The revolution of Marx＇ s philosophy consists in society＂ or ＂social human＂ as its philosophical ＂standpoint＂, regarding the ＂human which is more profound than other ex- isting roots of philosophy, such as ＂consciousness＂ ,＂ language＂ and so on, which also overcomes the great theoretical contradiction and predicament in the traditional philosophy. Furthermore, in a comprehensive vision, it provides a more substantial foundation for understanding the most essential philosophy questions, namely, the relations of subjective and objective, mind and existence, human and world, etc.