“一带一路”倡议下我国粮食安全战略及实现路径

On Path of Food Security Strategy and Realization under the Belt and Road Initiative

粮食安全是国家粮食主权的重要组成部分。中国的粮食安全是建立在粮食生产者与消费者为一个利益共同体的基础上。适度的粮食进口可以有效缓解国内粮食生产成本快速上涨、水土资源和环境约束加剧、农产品供需结构性矛盾。但粮食进口将对国际粮食市场形成一种不对称的相互依赖关系。应采取积极有效的措施,充分利用"一带一路"沿线国家农业资源与市场,完善农业"走出去"政策体系;制定粮食安全战略规划;创新粮食管理体制;充分利用现有的粮食国际组织;完善粮食战略储备体系建设,开发可替代性食物。从而建立基于"一带一路"沿线的粮食供应网络,使这种依赖关系尽量维持在一种平衡状态,克服不利因素,朝着有利于中国的方向发展,进而服务于中国保障粮食安全的总体战略。

Food security is an important part of the national food sovereignty based on the community of common destiny of food produc- ers and consumers. Moderate food impoits can effectively alleviate the rapid rise of domestic food costs, use land and water resources ra- tionally, solve the issue of environmental constraints as well as the issue of structural contradiction between supply and demand of the agricultural products. However, importing food will inevitably shape the asymmetrical interdependence on international food markets. The agricultural products under the One Belt and Road initiative is of some potential for growth once effective measures are taken. It is possible to take advantage of the agricultural resources, to perfect the ＂Going out＇policy system of strategies in agriculture and to formu- late a strategic plan for food security. It is also feasable to innovate food management system, to make full use of existing food interna- tional organizations, to improve the grain strategic reserve system and to develop substitute food. Only by taking advantage of Interna- tional organizations to expand capacity in response to this asymmetric dependence can we create the One Belt and One food supply net- works and ensure the food security of China.