明清以来“长安八水”的水文状况与人地关系——以涝河为中心

Hydrological Regime and Man-land Relationship of “Eight Rivers Running Across Chang'an City”Since Ming and Qing Dynasties—— A Case Study of the Laohe River

选取"长安八水"中涝河为研究对象,在解读相关水文状况的碑刻、诗文、民间故事中,发现明清以后涝河具有流量年际变化大、泥沙淤积严重、河道变窄等水文现象。通过比对中上游开发状况、引水状况与下游滩地、村庄出现的时间,得出与水文现象变化在时间序列上的相关性。从而发现,同时期涝峪内林木以及矿产等自然资源的开采量增加致使明清以来涝河水文状况变化。

This paper makes a case study of the Laohe River, one of the eight rivers running across Chang＇an City by interpreting some relevant inscriptions, poems and folk stories, findings include changes in the interannual flow, serious sediment accumulation, and the narrowing of watercourse of the Laohe river since Ming and Qing dynasties. In comparison with the exploition of the upper and middle reaches, water diversion and the occurrence of beach land and villages, it has been concluded that the changes in hydrological regime are closely related to these phenomena. Furthermore, the sharp increase in the exploition of forests and the minerals has contributed to the changes in the hydrological regime within the Laohe River ever since Ming and Qing dynasties.