干旱条件下膜下滴灌施锌对马铃薯的促进效应

Effect of Zinc Fertilization on Potato under Drip Irrigation under Drought Condition

在干旱条件下马铃薯种植中,开展了膜下滴灌施锌试验。结果表明,施锌可以提高马铃薯抗旱能力,底肥施锌(T1)与不施锌(CK)相比,马铃薯叶绿素含量和根冠比在全生育期表现出良好的促进作用,并提高了水分利用效率;膜下滴灌施锌(T2)较底肥施锌(T1)水分利用效率提高7.0百分点,较CK提高10.6百分点。锌肥底施和随膜下滴灌施用对马铃薯生长、增产和品质提升均有明显的促进作用。随膜下滴灌施锌(T2)对马铃薯生长和抗旱的效果更为明显,远优于底肥施锌(T1)。底肥施锌与CK相比,马铃薯产量提高5 145 kg/hm^2,淀粉含量增加1.4百分点,出粉率增加1.8百分点;随膜下滴灌施锌(T2)较底肥施锌(T1),马铃薯产量可增加4 080 kg/hm^2,淀粉含量增加1.4百分点,出粉率增加0.7百分点。

Under drought conditions, the zinc fertilization and drip irrigation under plastic film for potato test results showed that the zinc fertilization could improve drought resistance, the fertilization（T1）could promote potato chlorophyll content and root shoot ratio.Compared with the fertilization（T1）, the water use efficiency of zinc fertilization and drip irrigation under plastic film（T2）increased7 percentage point. Compared with the no fertilization（CK）, the water use efficiency of zinc fertilization and drip irrigation under plastic film（T2）increased 10.6 percentage point. The zinc fertilization and the zinc fertilization and drip irrigation under plastic film for potato could promote growth, yield and quality of potato. Compared with the no fertilization（CK）, the yield of zinc fertilization（T1）increased5 145 kg/hm^2, starch content increased 1.4 percentage point, flour yield increased 1.8 percentage point. Compared with the fertilization（T1）, the yield of zinc fertilization and drip irrigation under plastic film（T2）increased 4 080 kg/hm^2, starch content increased 1.4 percentage point, flour yield increased 0.7 percentage point.