陶瓷刀具车削木质复合材料的切削性能

Cutting performance of ceramic tool in turning wood-based composites

采用Ti C增韧氧化铝陶瓷木工刀具分别对纤维板和胶合板进行端面车削,利用Kistler测力仪测量其动态切削力,通过扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱仪(EDS)对刀具前后刀面进行微观结构观察和磨损机理分析,以揭示陶瓷木工刀具的切削性能。试验结果表明:陶瓷木工刀具端面车削木质复合材料时,平行进给方向的切削分力FY和垂直进给方向的切削分力FZ随着主轴转速的增大而减小,随着进给量的增大而增加;车削胶合板产生的切削合力FR高于车削纤维板产生的切削合力FR;在相同切削条件下,陶瓷刀具车削胶合板产生的磨损明显比车削纤维板产生的磨损严重;陶瓷刀片的主要磨损形式是崩刃和后刀面磨损,磨损机理主要是磨粒磨损和粘结磨损。

The cutting performance of a reinforced alumina-based ceramic cutting tool was investigated by turning medium density fiberboard（MDF）and plywood samples on a lathe. During the woodturning process, the dynamic cutting forces were measured by a Kistler dynamometer. The microstructure of the ceramic tool was observed by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, and the tool wear mechanism was analyzed by energy dispersive spectroscopy（EDS）. After comparing the effects of cutting parameters and sample materials on the cutting forces, it was found that the cutting force parallel to the feed direction（FY）and the cutting force perpendicular to the feed direction（FZ）both decreased with the increase of spindle speed, but increased with the increase of feed rate. The resultant cutting force（FR）in turning plywood was higher than that in turning MDF. With the same cutting parameters, the tool wear in turning plywood was more significant than that in turning MDF. The main wear patterns were micro-chipping, chipping and flank wear, and the main wear mechanism was abrasive and adhesive wear.