纳米多孔金属力学性能的若干研究进展

Some Research Developments on Mechanical Property of Nanoporous Metals

纳米多孔金属是近年来发展起来的一类具有纳米级双连续孔洞和高表面积的新型功能材料,具备如化学性能、力学性能、表面拉曼散射性能等多方面的优异特性,在催化、传感、新能源、生物医学等诸多领域拥有广阔的应用前景。围绕纳米多孔金属的制备、力学性能和尺度特性等,展开细述了相关的研究工作,并重点针对力学性能方面的研究进展,如尺度方程、破坏机理、表面效应和表面应力,以及脱合金制备方法和制备过程中的力学问题进行了讨论,并对将来的研究方向进行了展望。

In recent years, due to their superior chemical, mechanical and surface Raman scattering property, nanoporous metals, which are new types of functional materials with ultrahigh specific surface area and bi-continuous network at nano-scale, have been widely used in many fields such as catalysis, sensing, new energy and bio-medical engineering. In this paper, detailed review is carried out on some research works related to preparation, mechanical property and scale-sensitive performance of nanoporous metals, with an emphasis on scaling law, failure mechanism, surface effects and dealloying process, and some future directions are also prospected.