户籍制度改革对大城市劳动力流入的影响——以中国的123个大城市为例

The impact of household registration system reform on labor inflow in big cities in China: taking 123 cites for example

运用中国123个大城市2000-2013年的面板数据,实证分析了户籍制度改革对大城市劳动力流入的影响。结果表明:从全国层面看,大城市的户籍制度改革并未吸引劳动力流入,反而促使劳动力流出,这与现有大城市户籍制度改革力度较小有关;从城市规模层面看,200万人口以下城市的户籍制度改革会促使劳动力流出,而200万人口以上城市的户籍制度改革能有效吸引劳动力流入,这说明规模越大的城市对外来劳动力越具有吸引力;从区域层面看,东部地区大城市的户籍制度改革促使劳动力流出,而中西部地区大城市的户籍制度改革促进劳动力流入,这与东部地区大城市的落户门槛与户籍管制较高和国家鼓励中西部地区大城市劳动密集型产业发展有关。

This essay analyzes the influence of house- hold registration system reform on urban labor inflow in China by using urban panel data of 123 big cities in 2000 - 2013. The results show that household registration system reform in big cities fails to attract labor inflow and has a significant improving influence on labor outflow for the whole country, which may be related to less reform of household registration system in big cities. For city size, household registration system reform in cities with below 2 million people has the improving influence on labor outflow, while it has the improving influence on labor inflow in the cities with above 2 million people, which means that the city with greater size has a stronger attractive force to migrant labors. For diverse regions, household registration system reform has a significant improving influence on labor outflow in eastern cities, while it has the improving influence on labor inflow in middle and western cities, which may be related to the fact that the central government encourages the development of labor intensive industry in middle and western regions and the local government implements the higher settled threshold and household registration in eastern cities.