社区动员中的精英替代及其弊端分析

Elite alternative and disadvantage analysis in community mobilization

社区参与度低和社区动员能力弱化是后单位制时代我国社区治理面临的挑战。当下社区动员的关键机制是媒介式动员,实践中却出现了作为动员媒介的积极分子悬浮化和社会组织服务消解动员的现象,其实质是社区动员脱嵌于基层社会、进而发生了"精英替代",陷入动员内卷化的困境。社区弱自主性和居民的低效能感、社区陌生化和精英脱嵌于基层社会、基层组织识别能力弱化是造成社区动员困境的主要原因。针对社区日益陌生化的状况,提高基层组织社区动员能力的途径在于强化基层组织与社区居民的制度化关联、增加直接互动机会、发展基层组织的直接动员能力。

Low community participation and weakened community mobilization ability are enormous challenges which community governance in our country is facing in the age of post - unit system. The key mechanism of traditional community mobilization is mediatype mobilization, but in practice it has emerged the phenomenon of activists suspension as an intermediary for the mobilization and mobilization eliminated by social organization services. This is essentially off embedded in the grass - roots society of community mobilization, resulting in elite alternative and the predicament of mobilization involution. Community weak autonomy and residents inefficient sense, community strange and elite de - intercalation, the weakened recognition ability of grass - roots organizations are the main reasons. In an increasingly unfamiliar community, the approach of improving community mobilization is to enhance the institutional capacity of grass -roots organizations associated with community residents, to increase opportunities for direct interaction, and to develop the direct mobilization ability of grass- roots organizations.