油水分离功能膜制备技术研究进展

Recent progress on fabrication technology of functional membranes for oil/water separation

工业生产以及日常生活中都会产生大量含油废水,因此含油废水的分离,特别是乳化油水的分离面临全球性的挑战。膜分离技术具有分离效率高且操作简单的优点,在处理乳化油水方面具有极大的应用潜力。本文介绍了国内外研究者在制备具有高渗透性、高选择性以及抗污染性油水分离功能膜方面的研究进展,包括传统的膜材料如聚合物膜、陶瓷膜,以及基于纳米材料制备得到新型功能膜。为了评估膜性能,讨论了不同类型膜的分离通量、分离效率、抗污染性以及运行稳定性。最后总结和展望了油水分离功能膜制备技术的未来发展趋势。

The rapid increase of oily wastewater production from both industry process and daily life has highlighted the worldwide challenge to separate oil water mixtures,especially oil/water emulsions. With respect to high separation efficiency and simple operation process,membrane separation has been acknowledged as an advanced technology for treating oily wastewater. This paper introduces recent progress in developing advanced membranes with high flux,high selectivity and anti-fouling properties for effectively treating oily wastewater,including traditional polymer-dominated and ceramic-based filtration membranes, as well as recently developed nanomaterial-based functional filtration membranes. The separation efficiency and anti-fouling properties of different type membranes are described and compared in details. Finally,the remaining challenges and future directions for developing high performance oil-water separation membrane are proposed.