磁流变液材料的性能与应用综述

A review on magnetorheological fluid:properties and applications

磁流变液是一种流变特性可控的新型智能材料,具有响应快(毫秒级)、连续可调、能耗低等优良特点,在机械工程、汽车工业、精密加工、主动控制等领域具有广阔的应用前景。本文在总结近年来国内外有关磁流变液材料研究成果的基础上,分别从复杂流体、智能流体、结构流体三方面对磁流变液进行了概念界定,着重阐述了磁流变液的磁性能、流变特性、稳定性、再分散性以及摩擦学性能,分析了其中需重点解决的问题,并对磁流变液在工程中的应用进行了总结,最后从材料物理状态、结构流变学的角度对磁流变材料体系的进一步发展进行了展望。

Magnetorheological fluid is a type of smart material which exhibits fast（less than milliseconds）, continuous, reversible changes in their rheological properties with low power requirement. These outstanding properties make them very promising for applications in machinery,automobile,precision machining,and active control engineering etc. Based on the latest research achievements,this paper reviewed the characteristic and application of magnetorheological fluid and discussed the problems that need to be resolved. The conceptual definition of magnetorheological fluid was conducted from the aspect of complex fluid,smart fluid,and structured fluid,respectively. Special emphasis is paid to the understanding of their magnetization,rheology,stability,redispersibility,and tribology performance of MRF. Finally,the future developments of magnetorheological fluid are also presented from the view of physical state and structural rheology.