轻中度感音神经性聋患者汉语普通话声调知觉模式研究

The characteristic of lexical tone perception in native Mandarin speakers with mild and moderate sensorineural hearing loss

目的:从语音知觉角度出发初步探究感音神经性聋患者的汉语普通话声调知觉的心理物理学特征知觉模式特点及其与听力正常人的异同。方法:采用POSOLA信号合成技术对普通话女发声人的原始语音材料/ā/的基频进行控制,获得基频曲拱连续变化的一声/二声(T1/T2)、一声/四声(T1/T4)和二声/三声(T2/T3)的3组声调连续统。并在E-Studio测试平台控制下对23例感音神经性聋患者进行识别任务测试。采用SPSS 19.0软件拟合感音神经性聋患者声调知觉曲线,分析其声调知觉模式特点及其与听力正常人的异同,探究引起差异的可能原因。结果:①感音神经性聋患者声调知觉曲线具有明确的曲线边界和交点,在曲线交点前后测试成绩发生突变,符合范畴化知觉特性;其曲线形态呈现倒"S"型,与听力正常组类同;②该组耳聋患者声调连续刺激声的反应率与听力正常人无明显差异(T1/T2组∶P=0.811;T1/T4组∶P=0.528;T2/T3组∶P=0.555)。结论:感音神经性聋患者汉语普通话声调知觉模式仍可表现出范畴知觉特征,听觉系统的轻度受损对声调知觉模式的影响程度有限。

Objective：To explore the characteristic of lexical tone perception in native-Mandarin speakers with mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss.Method：Three types of continuum（Tone1/tone2,tone1/tone4 and tone2/tone3）were constructed and each of them includes a 15 stimuli.All speech stimuli in these three continua were resynthesized by applying the Pitch-Synchronous OverLap and Add（PSOLA）method implemented in Praat to the same mandarin syllable,/a/,with a high level tone produced by a female native mandarin speaker.Twentythree native-mandarin sensory hearing loss people were recruited for this study and identification task was used to acquire the tonal perceptual data.SPSS 19.0 software was used to get the fitting curves of lexical tone perception.Result：①Each tone perception curves owns the characteristic of categorical perception,including an obvious boundary,a definite intersection and the abrupt performance change at intersection.The tone perception curves were S-shape in SNHL people which were same as that in normal hearing people.②No significant performance difference of each continuum was observed between SNHL and NH in this study（P=0.811 in T1/T2 continuum,P=0.528 in T1/T4 continuum,P=0.555 in T2/T3 continuum）.Conclusion：There is the categorical perception of lexical tone identification in native-mandarin sensorineural hearing loss people.The slight damage in peripheral auditory system did not changed characteristic of lexical tone perception.