CRISPR/Cas9介导的基因组编辑技术及其在RNA编辑中的潜在应用

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Gene Editing Technology and Potential Applications in RNA Editing

化脓链球菌里的CRISPR-Cas9系统作为基因编辑工具已经得到广泛的应用。现有研究表明这个系统具有作为通用核酸识别技术的潜在价值,即Cas9系统也能靶向识别活细胞中的RNA。将RCas9与不同的蛋白因子融合,可能会实现基因表达调控、控制RNA的定位、改变RNA的组成和使RNA可视化等。在介绍CRISPR-Cas9系统介导的免疫机制的基础上,重点比较了RCas9和先前的RNA研究方法,从转录动力学、再生医学以及合成生物学等方面,综述了其潜在的应用价值,并对该系统在未来生命科学研究的应用进行了展望,以期为CRISPR-Cas9系统在RNA编辑方面的研究提供参考。

The CRISPR-Cas9 system, from Streptococcus pyogenes, has gained widespread application as a genome editing tool. Previous studies showed that CRISPR-Cas9 system has the potential utility as a universal nucleic acid-recognition technology, that is Cas9 system can also allow RNA identification and editing in live cells. By fusing RCas9 to different protein factors, it may be possible to modulate gene expression, control the localization of RNA, alter the composition of RNAs and enable imaging of specific RNA. In this paper, the mechanism of CRISPR-Cas9 system-mediated immunity was introduced, in particular, we compared RCas9 to previous methods for RNA targeting and discussed potential uses ranging from live imaging of transcriptional dynamics to regenerative therapies and applications in synthetic biology, and finally prospected the application of this new system in life science, which was expected to provide reference for CRISPR-Cas9 system application in RNA editing.