公共危机伪信息在人际关系网络上的扩散及干预策略研究

Public Crisis False Information Diffusion on Interpersonal Network and Intervention Strategies

随着经济的发展,社会公共危机发生频率增加,缺乏辨识能力的公众的随声附和促使了伪信息的形成。伪信息的传播加剧了公众的恐慌和焦虑,易造成二次危害。公共危机伪信息管理部门应迅速控制伪信息扩散,减少损失。文章通过构建基于无标度网络(BA)的公共危机伪信息扩散的网络,从多主体的角度定义各个社会个体的性质,在这些性质的基础上定义个体在进行交流时的意见交互规则,研究得出信息传播时活跃个体不是人际关系网中拥有朋友数量最多的个体,而是拥有朋友数量较少的个体。而当公共危机伪信息管理部门对传播过程进行干预时,应保持迂回的中立态度,而不是"非黑即白"的强制措施,且作用的社会个体是交际范围较广的处于"意见领袖"地位的个体。

With the development of economy, the frequency of public crisis increases and the public lacking ability to recognize the false information promotes the false information diffusion. False information diffusion exacerbates fear and anxiety of the public, which could easily lead to secondary hazards. Management department of false information in public crisis shall quickly control false information diffusion and reduce losses. In this article, the network of false information diffusion in public crisis based on the scale-free network （BA） is constructed, in which the nature of different individuals in society is defined from the perspective of multi-body and the interaction rules of individual exchange is further defined on the basis of their nature. The research draws the conclusion that active individuals are not the people who have a large number of friends, hut the people who have a small number of friends during information diffusion on interpersonal network. When management department of false information in public crisis intervenes the false information diffusion, the department should maintain neutral attitude rather than take extreme measures, and their targets should be ＂opinion leaders＂ who have broader communication circles in society.