试论农民上访过程中的“妥处”现象——基于社会结构变迁与社会治理转型的双重逻辑

The Phenomenon of Proper Handling in Farmers' Petition Process: A Discussion Based on the Dual Effect of Change in Social Structure and Transition in Social Governance

改革开放以来,随着农民维权意识的强化,在农民上访过程中出现了"妥处(妥善处理)"现象。其具体表现为上级政府、基层政府与农民三方关系的失调,这也间接体现出中国特色的政治性质和政治结构,以及农民与基层政府之间在博弈过程中所存在的问题。"妥处"现象的发生和社会治理出现的逻辑困境,根本原因在于社会结构变迁与社会治理转型的脱轨。社会结构变迁倒逼社会治理转型,中国社会治理转型的走向应当是群众自治、协商政治、依法治国,以及形成对多方有利的发展路径。

Since the reform and opening-up, proper handling emerged as a phenomenon in farmers＂ petition process with the intensifying of their awareness to safeguard their own rights. The disharmonious relationship among superior government, basic-level government and farmers is a specific manifestation which indirectly reflects the political nature and political structure with Chinese characteristics and the problems existing in the game process involving farmers and basic-level governments. The primary cause of the emergence of the phenomenon and the logic predicament in social governance lies in the mismatch between the change in social structure and the transition in social governance. The change in social structure has a wash-back effect on the transition in social governance. The transition of China＇s social governance should move towards peopleautonomy, consuhative politics, the rule by law as well as the formation of a development route benefiting all parties involved.