身管膛线类型及其动力学影响研究

Study on Barrel Rifling Types and Its Dynamical Effect

为了比较火炮身管等齐膛线、渐速膛线和混合膛线之间的动力学响应差异,采用动力学分析方法分析了身管膛线导转侧力、膛线约束下的弹丸轴向加速度,以及不同身管膛线条件下的炮口振动响应的变化规律.结果表明,在弹丸出炮口位置附近,等齐膛线导转侧力最小,渐速膛线导转侧力最大;等齐膛线导转侧力曲线光滑,而混合膛线导转侧力变化剧烈、曲线载荷梯度非常大;当弹头刚露出炮口时,混合膛线导转侧力突变范围达3倍之多,混合膛线约束下的弹丸轴向加速度在炮口附近有突跳;与等齐膛线相比,混合膛线引起的炮口绕身管轴线转动角速度和角加速度分别增加了92.7%和367.5%.等齐膛线有利于弹丸膛内平稳运动,有利于减小炮口振动响应.

In order to compare dynamic responses of gun barrels with uniform rifling, increasing rifling and combined rifling, the dynamic analysis method was used to analyze the changing rules of the driving edge force, the axial acceleration of the projectile constrained by rifling and muzzle vibration responses for different rifling style. The results show that, near the muzzle, the driving edge force is lowest for the Uniform rifling but largest for the increasing rifling. The driving edge force curve for the uniform ri- fling is smooth, however, for the combined rifling the force changes severely and the curve has large gradient. As soon as the nose of the projectile exits the muzzle, the driving edge force for the combined rifling changes more than three times suddenly and the axial acceleration of the projectile constrained by combined rifling has a jump near the muzzle. Compared with uniform rifling, the muzzle rotation velocity and rotation acceleration around the barrel axis increase about 92. 7 % and 367.5% respectively for the combined rifling. The uniform rifling is benefit for the projectile moving stably in bore and benefit for weakening the muzzle vibration.