湖南汉寿方言单字调实验研究

An Experimental Study of Monosyllabic Tone in Hanshou Dialect of Hunan

汉寿方言声调研究还很不充分,常德方言声调已有研究结论也难称一致。基于声学实验获取汉寿方言单字调的声学数据,可以比较客观全面地揭示汉寿方言声调的基本特征。实验分析表明,汉寿方言可拟分为五个调类,分别是阴平55、阳平23、上声31、去声43、入声25。通过汉寿方言声调与常德方言声调的对比分析,初步判别两者的异同,也为部分汉寿方言调类调值实验结论提供了旁证。汉寿方言具有西南官话和湘方言两方言间的过渡特性,其特殊字调反映出汉寿方言有调类向四调类靠拢、调值向常德话靠拢的趋势。

There are insufficient research in Hanshou（汉寿） dialect, nor did studies on Changde（常德）dialects have sufficient knowledge to reach a wholly consensus. This article extracted acoustic data based on phonetic experiment, aiming to give an objective description on the basic features of citation tone in Hanshou dialect. The result of this experiment showed that monosyllabic tone system of Hanshou dialect has five tones（level tone 55, rising tone 23, falling tone 31 and 43, entering tone25）. Comparing Hanshou dialect with Changde dialect, the similarities and differences were revealed, and some auxiliary evidences were provided to support the conclusions of experimental analysis as well. It was found that Hanshou dialect has a transitive features between Xiang（湘） dialect and Southwestern mandarin. As for special tones in Hanshou dialect, their contour reflects a trend of shifting to four tones, that is to say, it moves near to Changde dialect.