979例儿童社区获得性肺炎临床特点回顾性分析

Retrospective Study about Clinical Features of 979 Cases with Community Acquired Pneumonia in Children

目的:回顾性分析天津市红桥医院近2年儿童社区获得性肺炎的临床特点,对红桥医院所覆盖医疗范围内儿童社区获得性肺炎病情评估、临床用药等有重要的临床指导意义。方法:研究对象为2013年6月—2015年5月在红桥医院儿科病房住院的979例符合社区获得性肺炎诊断标准的患儿;按年龄段分组为:29d^1岁334例,1~3岁340例,4~6岁219例,7~14岁86例;记录患儿性别、症状、体征,实验室常规检查,观察各组之间差异,进行统计学分析。结果:979例社区获得性肺炎的患儿中男孩发病率高于女孩,咳嗽、发热、呼吸频率增加是最重要的临床表现,肺部听诊无啰音的患儿随着年龄增长逐渐增多,婴幼儿期腹泻症状发生率高,婴儿期细菌感染明显低于其他年龄组。结论:儿童社区获得性肺炎发病特点具有明显的年龄分布差异性。

Objective：To retrospective analysis Clinical features of children with community acquired pneumonia（CAP）in the pediatric ward of the Hongqiao Hospital of Tianjin during the last 2years,it could have clinical applications in disease evaluation,and decrease the use of antibiotics to guide clinical rational use of drugs.Methods：We conducted a retrospective study of 979 hospitalized children of with CAP in the pediatric ward of the Hongqiao Hospital of Tianjin from June 2013 to May 2015.Children were divided into 4groups：infants（29days to 1year）334patients,young children（1year to 3year）340patients,preschoolchildren（4year to 6year）219patients,school-age children（7year to 14year）86patients.With statistical analysis for sex,symptom,physical signs,laboratory examination,et al of children with CAP.Results：In 979 cases,the morbidity of males is higher than females in infants,fever,cough,shortness of breath were the most common clinical symptoms.The incidence of moist rale in lung increased gradually with ages.The incidence of diarrhea in infants occurred most frequently.Bacterial infection indexes showed were the lowest in infants.Conclusion：Community acquired pneumonia in children has the age difference.