页岩气水平井高产层段判识方法及其应用——以四川盆地威远页岩气示范区下志留统龙马溪组为例

A method for identifying high-productivity intervals in a horizontal shale gas well and its application:A case study of the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Fm in Weiyuan-shale gas demonstration area,Sichuan Basin

在页岩气勘探开发过程中,准确界定目的层中高产层段,对页岩气的效益开发具有十分重要的意义。为此针对四川盆地威远页岩气示范区高产层难以判定、导致水平井产气量差异巨大的问题,建立了水平井高产层段测井判识方法。首先以导眼井中游离气含气饱和度计算为基础,确定游离气富集的高含气饱和度层段,再以导眼井标志层测井组合特征建立小层划分标准,根据钻井旋回的连续性及沉积地层不可逆性原则,创建了"极值方波旋回对比"小层对比方法,准确界定了各水平井钻遇的地质小层。并利用同一井组各水平井钻遇不同小层厚度、实际压裂级数与产气量相关分析方法进行了方法验证。在此基础上对威远地区页岩气高产层段进行了判识,明确指出威远地区页岩气高产层段是下志留统龙马溪组底部的1套中高伽马值(超低去铀伽马)硅质页岩段,其厚度介于1.5~6.0 m,页岩气赋存方式以游离态为主。相关研究成果对该区块页岩气中高产层段的准确判识、界定并及时掌握其分布规律提供了技术支撑。

Accurate identification of high-productivity intervals in target formations of a horizontal shale gas well is significant in the beneficial development of shale gas. In the Weiyuan shale gas demonstration area in the Sichuan Basin, the challenging identification of high-productivity intervals makes the gas production of horizontal wells different greatly. Accordingly, this paper presents a method for identifying high-productivity intervals in a horizontal shale gas well. First of all, based on the calculation of free gas saturation in the guide hole, high gas saturation intervals were determined. Then, the layer division criterion was established according to the logging responses of marker beds in the guide hole, and the layer contrast method of ＂square wave peak cyclic contrast＂ was defined according to the continuity of drilling cycles and the irreversibility of sedimentary formations, in order to accurately identify the geological layers encountered by horizontal wells. This method was validated by the thickness of layers encountered by horizontal wells in the same cluster and the correlation between the number of fracturing stages and gas production. This method was used in Weiyuan shale gas demonstra- tion area, revealing a set of siliceous shale interval of 1.5-6.0 m thick with medium-high GR value （ultra-low uranium-free GR） at the bottom of the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Fm as the high-productivity interval of shale gas in the area. In this interval, shale gas mainly oc- curs in the form of free gas. This method provides a satisfactory support for accurately discriminating and defining shale gas in the block and timely identifying the distribution law of high-productivity intervals.