缝内填砂暂堵分段体积压裂技术在页岩气水平井中的应用

Staged fracturing of horizontal shale gas wells with temporary plugging by sand filling

针对四川盆地页岩气水平井在压裂过程中因受到复杂因素导致套管变形、无法应用电缆传输射孔桥塞联作工艺的情况,采用了缝内填砂暂堵分段体积压裂新工艺。采用理论分析的方法并结合技术实践经验,建立了连续油管多簇喷砂射孔参数和缝内填砂暂堵参数优化设计方法,解决了页岩气套管变形水平井ZJ-1井大规模分段压裂的技术难题。现场施工论证和应用效果表明:①页岩气水平井连续油管多簇喷砂射孔缝内填砂暂堵分段压裂技术,可以对储层水平井段进行选择性分段压裂;②可在不使用机械封隔的条件下实现大规模分段压裂且分段效果稳定可靠,压裂作业效率与常规桥塞分段相当;③压裂后井筒实现全通径,可直接放喷测试,节约了占井时间。采用该缝内填砂暂堵体积压裂工艺技术在ZJ-1井实现了14段成功作业,获得同常规桥塞分段相当的SRV有效扩展体积和比同平台邻井更高的产气量,为页岩气水平井分段多簇体积压裂提供了一种新的改造手段与有效的工艺方法。

Due to downhole complexities, shale-gas horizontal well fracturing in the Siehuan Basin suffered from casing deformation and failure to apply the technique of cable-conveyed perforation bridge plug. In view of these problems, a new technique of staged volume fracturing with temporary plugging by sand filling is employed. Based on theoretical analyses and field tests, a design of optimized parameters of coiled tubing multi-cluster sand-blasting perforation and temporary plugging by sand filling was proposed. It was applied in the horizontal Well ZJ-1 in which casing deformation occurred. The following results are achieved in field operations. First, this technique enables selective staged fracturing in horizontal sections. Second, this technique can realize massive staged fracturing credibly without mechanical plugging, with the operating efficiency equivalent to the conventional bridge plug staged fracturing. Third, fullhole is preserved after fracturing, thus it is possible to directly conduct an open flow test without time consumption of a wiper trip. The staged volume fracturing with temporary plugging by sand filling facilitated the 14-stage fracturing in Well ZJ-1, with similar SRV to that achieved by conventional bridge plug staged fracturing and higher gas yield than neighboring wells at the same platform. Thus, a new and effective technique is presented in multi-cluster staged volume fracturing of shale gas horizontal wells.