四川地区成年人群中分叉下颌管的锥形束CT研究

Cone beam computed tomography evaluation of bifid mandibular canals in the adult population in Sichuan Province

目的统计分析四川地区成年人群中分叉下颌管发生概率,并总结下颌管各分叉类型及发生率与走行方式和各自形态特征。方法根据纳入和排除标准收集500例患者(共计1 000侧下颌骨)的锥形束CT(CBCT)影像资料,对所收集的资料进行观察分析,并记录数据,对下颌神经管分支的类型及其特征进行归纳和分类。结果 500例患者中分叉下颌管的发生率为13.8%(69/500),共发生于92侧(9.2%)的下颌骨中。其中最常见的类型为磨牙后管,其次为向牙根及颊舌向分支,最少见的类型为向前走行的分支。分支的平均直径和长度分别为0.90、9.39 mm。结论本研究使用CBCT作为研究手段,得出的分叉下颌管在四川地区成年人群中的发生率要明显高于以前报道的使用全景片作为研究手段的研究;并且CBCT对下颌管及其分支的三维走行及形态特征的表现能力优于全景片。

Objective To investigate the incidence of bifid mandibular canals （BMC）, and analyze the types, courses, and anatomic features of the variant canals in the adult population in Sichuan Province. Methods Five hundred patients （1 000 hemimandibles） underwent cone beam computed tomography （CBCT） were included in this study. The incidence, bifurcate types and courses of the BMC were evaluated. Results The incidence of BMC was 13.8% （69/500） in the study, 9.2% in terms of total hemimandibles. The most frequently type was retromolar canals, followed by the dental and buccolingual type, meanwhile the lowest was the forward type. The mean diameter of the accessory canals was 0.90 mm and the mean length was 9.39 mm. Conclusion CBCT used in this study has shown that the incidence of BMC assessed by CBCT was significantly higher than panoramic radiography. Furthermore, CBCT can depict the position, course, size and the branches of the mandibular canals.