成体肾脏干/祖细胞参与急性肾脏损伤的修复

Adult Renal Stem/Progenitor Cells Contributing to Renal Recovery after Acute Injury

人类肾脏对于缺血和毒性损伤均非常敏感,肾小管坏死和炎症反应的激发均将导致急性肾脏损伤。尽管肾小管在遭遇损伤后有一定的再生能力,但在多数情况下肾脏的修复能力无法满足再生的需要。成体肾脏干/祖细胞可能通过分化并最终融合入肾组织的方式参与肾脏修复,或者由旁分泌因子诱导、促进肾脏的修复和再生。上皮细胞可暂时获得祖细胞的表型而进一步增殖,最终取代损伤的肾小管细胞。

Kidney is very susceptible to ischemia and toxins with consequential tubular necrosis and activation of inflammatory response. This process can lead to the acute renal injury, and even if the kidney has a great capacity for regen- eration after tubular damage, in several circumstances, the normal renal repair program may not be sufficient to achieve a successful regeneration. Resident adult renal stern/progenitor cells could participate in this repair process and have the potentiality to enhance the renal regenerative mechanism, which could be achieved both directly, by means of their capacity to differentiate and integrate into the renal tissues, and by means of paracrine factors able to induce or improve the renal repair or regeneration. Recent genetic fate-tracing studies indicated that tubular damage is repaired by proliferative duplication of epithelial cells, acquiring a transient progenitor phenotype and eventually replacing the renal tubule cells.