非小细胞肺癌外泌体的研究进展

Research Progress of Exosomes in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

外泌体是具有脂质双层膜结构的纳米囊泡,含有大量生物活性物质。非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的外泌体,通过与肿瘤微环境中的其他细胞相互作用,具有调节肿瘤病理进程、血管生成、转移和免疫逃逸等生物学功能。NSCLC外泌体中的特异性蛋白质和微RNA(miRNA)存在差异性表达,可作为诊断和预后的生物标志物,具有较大的潜在临床应用价值。目前,NSCLC外泌体中对肺癌发生、发展起关键作用的成分仍待明确,外泌体的应用标准化等问题是临床应用亟待解决的问题。

Exosomes are nano-sized vesicles with lipid bilayer, containing large amounts of bioactive molecules. Non-small cell lung cancer derived exosomes, interacting with other cells of the tumor , modulate tumor progression,angiogenesis, metastasis, and immune escape. Exosomes in non-small cell lung cancer（NSCLC） can be used as excellent biomarkers with great potentials for NSCLC diagnosis and prognosis, since they contain tumor-specific proteins and miRNAs which are differentially expressed. Further studies are needed to probe the key components for tumor genesis and progress. Some issues including the standardization of exosomes application should be considered particularly to promote its clinical application.