氧化鱼油对黄颡鱼生长性能和抗氧化指标的影响及精氨酸的干预作用

Influences of Oxidized Fish Oil on Growth Performance and Antioxidant Indexes of Yellow Catfish( Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) and the Use of Arginine as an Intervention Measure

本试验旨在研究饲料中添加氧化鱼油对黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)生长性能、体成分、血清生化指标和血清、肝脏抗氧化指标的影响以及添加精氨酸对其的干预作用。选取初始体重为(4.41±0.05)g的健康黄颡鱼幼鱼600尾,随机分为6组,每组4个重复,分别投喂含2.5%新鲜鱼油(FF组)、1.5%新鲜鱼油+1.0%氧化鱼油(FO1组)、0.5%新鲜鱼油+2.0%氧化鱼油(FO2组)、2.5%新鲜鱼油+0.48%L-精氨酸盐酸盐(FFA组)、1.5%新鲜鱼油+1.0%氧化鱼油+0.48%L-精氨酸盐酸盐(FOA1组)、0.5%新鲜鱼油+2.0%氧化鱼油+0.48%L-精氨酸盐酸盐(FOA2组)的6种饲料,投喂期为56 d。结果显示:在FF、FO1、FO2组中,随着氧化鱼油添加量的增加,黄颡鱼的增重率、特定生长率和蛋白质沉积率均逐渐降低,饲料系数和摄食率均逐渐升高,均在FO2组达到极值,与其他2组差异达到显著水平(P<0.05);氧化鱼油饲料添加精氨酸后,在FFA、FOA1、FOA2组上述指标没有产生显著性差异(P>0.05),其中FOA1、FOA2组的增重率分别比FO1、FO2组升高3.0%和9.9%。双因素方差分析结果显示,氧化鱼油对黄颡鱼增重率和摄食率的影响达到显著水平(P<0.05),氧化鱼油与精氨酸对黄颡鱼特定生长率、蛋白质沉积率和饲料系数的影响存在交互作用(P<0.05)。FO1组肝体比显著低于FF组(P<0.05),FO2组肠体比与FFA、FOA2组相比显著降低(P<0.05),氧化鱼油与精氨酸对黄颡鱼肝体比的影响存在交互作用(P<0.05)。FOA1组全鱼粗脂肪含量与FO1组相比显著降低(P<0.05)。在FF、FO1、FO2组中,随着氧化鱼油添加量的增加,黄颡鱼血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)逐渐降低,FO2组显著低于FF组(P<0.05);氧化鱼油饲料添加精氨酸后,黄颡鱼血清T-AOC分别升高77.0%(FOA1组vs.FO1组)和137.4%(FOA2组vs.FO2组),其中后者达显著水平(P<0.05)。双因素方差分析结果显示,氧化鱼油对血清丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响达到显著水平(P<0.05),氧化鱼油和精氨酸对黄颡鱼血清T-AOC的影响存在交互作用(P<0.05)。结果表明,在饲料中添加一定量的氧化鱼油会抑制黄颡鱼的生长并降低血清的抗氧化能力,但添加一定量的精氨酸可以缓解氧化鱼油对黄颡鱼生长的抑制作用,并增强其机体的抗氧化能力。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the influences of dietary oxidized fish oil（ OF） on the growth performance,body composition,serum biochemical indexes and serum,liver antioxidant indexes of juvenile yellowcatfish（ Pelteobagrus fulvidraco）,and the intervention of arginine（ Arg） on them. A total of600 healthy juvenile yellowcatfish with an initial body weight of（ 4.41 ± 0.05） g were randomly divided into 6groups with 4 replicates of 25 fish. During 56 d feeding trial,the fish were fed six diets containing 2.5% fresh fish oil（ FF group）,1.5% fresh fish oil＋ 1.0% oxidized fish oil（ FO1 group）,0.5% fresh fish oil＋ 2.0% oxidized fish oil（ FO2 group）,2.5% fresh fish oil＋ 0.48% L-arginine hydrochloride（ FFA group）,1. 5% fresh fish oil＋ 1.0% oxidized fish oil ＋ 0. 48% L-arginine hydrochloride（ FOA1 group）,0. 5% fresh fish oil ＋ 2. 0%oxidized fish oil＋ 0.48% L-arginine hydrochloride（ FOA2 group）,respectively. The results showed that among FF,FO1 and FO2 groups,the weight gain rate,specific growth rate and protein deposition rate of yellowcatfish showed a downward trend,but feed conversion ratio and feeding rate were reversed. All of them reached the extreme value in the FO2 group,and the difference reached a significant level compared with FF and FO1groups（ P〈 0.05）. While addition of Arg to the oxidized fish oil diets,no significant differences were found in above indexes among FFA,FOA1 and FOA2 groups（ P 〉 0. 05）,but the weight gain rate was increased by3.0%（ FOA1 group vs. FO1 group） and 9.9%（ FOA2 group vs. FO2 group）,respectively. Two-factor variance analysis results showed that oxidized fish oil had significant influences on weight gain rate and feeding rate（ P〈0.05）,and oxidized fish oil and Arg had significant interactions on specific growth rate,protein deposition rate and feed conversion ratio（ P〈 0.05）. The hepatosomatic index in FO1 group was significantly lower than that in FF group（ P〈 0.05）,and the intestinesomatic index in FO2 group was significantly decreased compared with FFA and FOA2 groups（ P〈 0.05）. Oxidized fish oil and Arg had a significant interaction on hepatosomatic index（ P〈 0.05）. The crude lipid content of whole body in FOA1 group was significantly lower than that in FO1 group（ P 〈 0. 05）. Among FF,FO1 and FO2 groups,the serum total antioxidant capacity（ T-AOC） showed a downward trend with oxidized fish oil addition increasing,and showed a significant difference between FF and FO2 groups（ P〈 0.05）. While addition of Arg to the oxidized fish oil diets,the serum TAOC was increased by 77.0%（ FOA1 group vs. FO1 group） and 137.4%（ FOA2 group vs. FO2 group）,respectively,and the latter had a significant difference（ P〈0.05）. Two-factor variance analysis results showed that oxidized fish oil had a significant influence on serum malondialdehyde（ MDA） content（ P〈0.05）,and oxidized fish oil and Arg had a significant interaction on serum T-AOC（ P〈0.05）. The results indicate that a certain amount of oxidized fish oil addition can reduce the growth and serum antioxidant capacity of yellowcatfish,but a certain amount of Arg addition can alleviate the inhibition induced by oxidized fish oil for growth,and enhance the body’s antioxidant capacity.