吡啶甲酸铬对产蛋鸡的生物安全性评价

Evaluation of Biological Safety of Chromium Picolinate for Laying Hens

本试验旨在研究饲粮添加不同水平吡啶甲酸铬对北京红商品产蛋鸡产蛋性能、血液生理生化指标、器官发育和主要脏器组织病理学变化的影响,进而评价吡啶甲酸铬对产蛋鸡的生物安全性。试验采用单因子完全随机设计,选用360只23周龄北京红商品产蛋鸡,按产蛋率和体重一致的原则随机分为4个组,每个组6个重复,每个重复15只鸡。各组分别在玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮中添加0、0.6、4.0和6.0 mg/kg(以铬计)的吡啶甲酸铬。预试期21 d,正试期70 d。结果表明:1)饲粮铬添加水平对试验全期产蛋鸡产蛋性能和器官指数无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)饲粮铬添加水平除显著提高试验第35天产蛋鸡血浆谷草转氨酶活性(P<0.05)外,对其他血浆生化指标和血液常规生理指标均无显著影响(P>0.05)。3)饲粮铬添加水平对产蛋鸡主要内脏器官的发育均无明显影响,同时均未观测到产蛋鸡的心脏、肝脏、肾脏、卵巢和输卵管组织出现明显的病理学变化。以上结果表明,产蛋鸡玉米-豆粕型饲粮中吡啶甲酸铬的推荐添加水平为0.6 mg/kg时,具有10倍的安全系数,即饲粮中以吡啶甲酸铬形式添加6.0 mg/kg铬对产蛋鸡是安全的。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary different supplemental levels of chromium picolinate（ Cr-Pic） on laying performance,physiological and biochemical parameters in blood,organs indices and histopathological changes of laying hens,so as to evaluate the biological safety of Cr-Pic for laying hens. A total of 360 twenty three-week-old Beijing red commercial laying hens with similar laying rate and body weight were randomly allocated to 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 15 chicks per replicate in a completely randomized design. Hens were fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet and the basal diet supplemented with 0.6,4.0 or 6.0 mg/kg Cr-Pic（ as chromium）,respectively. The preliminary trial period was 21 days and the experimental period was 70 days. The results showed as follows： 1） dietary chromium supplemental level did not affect the laying performance and organ indices of laying hens（ P 〉 0. 05）. 2） Dietary chromium supplemental level significantly increased the plasma glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase（ GOT） activity of laying hens at the 35 th days（ P〈 0.05）,but dietary chromium supplemental level did not affect the blood physiological parameters and other plasma biochemical parameters（ P 〉 0. 05）. 3） Dietary chromium supplemental level had no significant influence on the development of major visceral organs,and had no histopathological changes in the heart,liver,kidney,ovary and uterus part of the uterine tube. In conclusion,the current dietary allow-ance for chromium is 0.6 mg/kg,therefore,the addition of 6.0 mg/kg chromium（ as Cr-Pic） to diet which is10 times of the allowance is safe for laying hens.